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In public address systems, the 100-volt line was designed to distribute sound over large areas, particularly in venues open to the public. For example:
- Educational establishments
- Shopping centres
- Care Home
- Sport centres
How this differs from a Hi-Fi or low-impedance system :
Hi-Fi systems are generally used over short distances, with low-impedance speakers (4 or 8 Ω) connected directly to the amplifier.
As soon as the distance between the amplifier and the speakers increases, the sound output decreases significantly due to voltage loss in the cables.
The 100V line technology used in public address systems helps to counteract this phenomenon and thus maintain the same sound quality throughout the entire installation.
How it works :
In a public address (PA) system, loudspeakers are used that are fitted with 100-volt audio transformers: one that boosts the voltage at the output of an amplifier (which is also rated at 100 volts), and another transformer that steps down the voltage in each loudspeaker.
This system therefore ensures that the sound quality remains consistent across every loudspeaker in the system, regardless of distance, so that anyone in the space can clearly hear background music, an audio advert or a clearly audible announcement (such as an evacuation).